DO YOU HAVE A CASE?
First, we have to determine if you have a case at all, that is, if your assessments are too high. The amount of your assessment is what the town thinks your house and property are worth relative to other properties. This may or may not be an accurate figure. The National Taxpayers Union is credited as saying that as much as 50% of all property in America is over assessed. Recently appraised properties are more accurate and closer to the dollar amount of current value than properties that have not been appraised recently. In other words, a recent estimate is closer to reality than an old estimate. Many taxpayers have the impression that their assessment is fair if it is below the current fair market value. However, what we really are looking for is equitability. The fact is that property should be valued equitably with similar type property within the same taxing jurisdiction. If a taxpayer's property is assessed at 95% of fair market value and, in the rest of the jurisdiction, similar properties are assessed at 75% of fair market value, what's fair about that?
The question is, what does the taxing authority think your house is worth? After you have determined this figure, you will be armed with a number to compare to other similar properties and determine if you are over assessed.
To determine this figure, call the municipal taxing authority where you live and request the tax assessor's office. Ask for the sales ratio. This can be called, depending on the jurisdiction, the average ratio, assessment level, director's ratio, the common level of 100% of true value, RAR (residential assessment ratio) or the equalization rate (which may not always be equivalent to the sales ratio). Ask for the current assessed valuation for your land as well as the amount of assessment for improvements (your house) and the total value for both. Obtain the legal description of your land known as the lot and block number or parcel identification number (PIN number). This information should also be on your tax bill. Calculate the total assessed value of your house and property (add them) and divide the total assessed value of your residence by the sales ratio to determine what your tax appraiser thinks your house and property are worth.
For example:
$25,000 land
+ $193,000 improvements (residence)
$218,000 total assessed valuation
Total Assessed Valuation divided by sales ratio = what they think your land and dwelling(s) are worth but not always what it will sell for in the marketplace.
If the sales ratio for the year was 71.7%
$218,000 = $304,044.63
.717
$304,044.63 = what the taxing authority thinks your property and residence are worth but not necessarily what it will sell for in the open residential housing market.
(mathematical note: remember that when using your sales ratio percentage figure as a divisor, move the decimal point 2 spaces to the left.)
Now you are armed with what the taxing authority thinks your residence is worth. You can now compare this figure to the actual amount your property and house would get in the open marketplace. If this figure is more than the fair open market value for your house, you are over assessed and chances are favorable that you have a case. At this juncture you may have only a ball park notion of what your house is worth. If that figure is out of line with the assessor's figure, you should proceed with a residential market analysis of your property's actual worth.